What's the difference between bioidentical and synthetic hormone replacement therapy?

Bioidentical hormone therapy has the same chemical structure as hormones produced by the human body. Examples include bioidentical estradiol such as Estradot, Climara, or Oestrogel, and micronised progesterone such as Utrogestan. Synthetic hormone therapy uses slightly different chemical analogues, such as conjugated equine estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate. Clinical evidence suggests micronised progesterone may have a slightly better blood-clot safety profile than medroxyprogesterone acetate. What matters for Malaysian women: regulated bioidentical hormone therapy prescribed by a specialist is evidence-based, but compounded bioidentical products marketed outside standard regulation are not tested consistently and are not proven safer than standard hormone therapy. Skin patches are usually easier to check from a halal perspective than oral capsules that may contain gelatin. Discuss the choice with your gynaecology specialist based on your risk profile, symptoms, and halal preferences.